JavaWeb开发项目搭建

2021-05-09 | 阅读：次

<!-- 依赖的jar -->
<dependencies>
    <!-- spring-mvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    <!-- json转换器 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.68</version>
        </dependency>
    <!-- json -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>
    <!-- 测试类 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
</dependencies>


<!--Maven资源过滤 防止资源加载失败-->
<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

四、配置spring-mvc.xml、web.xml

spring-mvc.xml配置信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
   
    <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <!-- 配置json解析，防止乱码 -->
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                        <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
    <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
   
    <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
   
    <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="zak.plus.controller"/>
   
</beans>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
   
    <!--1.注册DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--关联一个springmvc的配置文件:spring-mvc.xml-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--启动级别-1-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
   
    <!--/ 匹配所有的请求；（不包括.jsp）-->
    <!--/* 匹配所有的请求；（包括.jsp）-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
   
    <!--2.配置乱码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
   
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
   
</web-app>

五、编写测试代码

controller层（重在项目搭建、service和dao就不再编写）

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
   
/**
 * @program: Java-web
 * @description:
 * @author: Acker
 * @create: 2021-04-30 22:33
 **/
@Controller
public class HelloController {
   
    // 响应页面
    @GetMapping("hello_1")
    public String page(){
        return "hello_1";
    }
   
    // 响应数据
    @GetMapping("/hello_2")
    @ResponseBody
    public Map<String,String> hello_2(){
        Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        map.put("name","某某某");
        map.put("time",sdf.format(new Date()));
        return map;
    }
   
    // 响应页面和数据
    @GetMapping("/hello_3")
    @ResponseBody
    public ModelAndView hello_3(){
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        // 设置页面
        mv.setViewName("hello_3");
        // 设置数据
        mv.addObject("name","某某某");
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        mv.addObject("time",sdf.format(new Date()));
        return mv;
    }
}

hello_3.jsp页面（hello_1.jsp页面自行随意改写）

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<html>
<body>
<h2>${name}</h2>
<h2>${time}</h2>
</body>
</html>